This volume presents the contributions from the international conference held at the University of Missouri at Columbia, marking Professor Lange's 70th birthday and his retirement from the university. The principal purpose of the conference was to focus on continued fractions as a common interdisciplinary theme bridging gaps between a large number of fields - from pure mathematics to mathematical physics and approximation theory.Evident in this work is the widespread influence of continued fractions in a broad range of areas of mathematics and physics, including number theory, elliptic functions, Padé approximations, orthogonal polynomials, moment problems, frequency analysis, and regularity properties of evolution equations. Different areas of current research are represented. The lectures at the conference and the contributions to this volume reflect the wide range of applicability of continued fractions in mathematics and the applied sciences.