Rosenberger (mathematics and statistics, University of Maryland) and Lachin (biostatistics and statistics, George Washington University) combine applied aspects of randomization in clinical trials with a probabilistic treatment of properties of randomization in this text/reference for biostatistics graduate students and biostatisticians in practice. Taking a non-Bayesian and nonparametric approach to inference, they focus on the linear rank test under a randomization model, and discuss likelihood-based inference as well.