Miller, who is software architect of the Microsoft CLR team, and Ragsdale, who also worked on the CLR team, add some comments to help clarify the specifications of the common language infrastructure (CLI) and the common language runtime (CLR). As a reference, the book documents the five partitions of the CLI standard that define the CLI architecture, metadata semantics, the common intermediate language (CIL) instruction set, libraries, and the ilasm assembler. The complete class libraries are available in .NET framework standard library annotated reference.