In this collection of 24 articles, contributors describe their research in the development of multifunctional materials that are strong, lightweight and versatile. Along with practical information on the ways in which they conducted their work, contributors also five information on applications in composite materials, electronics, biosensing and smart materials. Articles on synthesis of nanoscale materials includes their design, including the design of nanotubes and wires, articles on manufacturing include structural nanocomposites, while those on modeling include nanomechanics.